Impacts of atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interaction on Southern Ocean deep convection in a climate system model     

Libin Ma  Bin Wang  Jian Cao 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(9):4075-4093

Deep convection in polar oceans plays a critical role in the variability of global climate. In this study, we investigate potential impacts of atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interaction on deep convection in the Southern Ocean (SO) of a climate system model (CSM) by changing sea ice–ocean stress. Sea ice–ocean stress plays a vital role in the horizontal momentum exchange between sea ice and the ocean, and can be parameterized as a function of the turning angle between sea ice and ocean velocity. Observations have shown that the turning angle is closely linked to the sea-ice intrinsic properties, including speed and roughness, and it varies spatially. However, a fixed turning angle, i.e., zero turning angle, is prescribed in most of the state-of-the-art CSMs. Thus, sensitivities of SO deep convection to zero and non-zero turning angles are discussed in this study. We show that the use of a non-zero turning angle weakens open–ocean deep convection and intensifies continental shelf slope convection. Our analyses reveal that a non-zero turning angle first induces offshore movement of sea ice transporting to the open SO, which leads to sea ice decrease in the SO coastal region and increase in the open SO. In the SO coastal region, the enhanced sea-ice divergence intensifies the formation of denser surface water descending along continental shelf by enhanced salt flux and reduced freshwater flux, combined with enhanced Ekman pumping and weakened stratification, contributing to the occurrence and intensification of continental shelf slope convection. On the other hand, the increased sea ice in the open SO weakens the westerlies, enhances sea-level pressure, and increases freshwater flux, whilst oceanic cyclonic circulation slows down, sea surface temperature and sea surface salinity decrease in the open SO response to the atmospheric changes. Thus, weakened cyclonic circulation, along with enhanced freshwater flux, reduced deep–ocean heat content, and increased stability of sea water, dampens the open–ocean deep convection in the SO, which in turn cools the sea surface temperature, increases sea-level pressure, and finally increases sea-ice concentration, providing a positive feedback. In the CSM, the use of a non-zero turning angle has the capability to reduce the SO warm bias. These results highlight the importance of an accurate representation of sea ice–ocean coupling processes in a CSM.  相似文献   

Application of a step-by-step fingerprinting identification method on a spilled oil accident in the Bohai Sea area     

Peiyan Sun  Zhenhui Gao  Lixin Cao  Xinping Wang  Qing Zhou  Yuhui Zhao  Guangmei Li 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(1):35-41

In recent years, oil spill accidents occur frequently in the marine area of China. Finding out the spilled oil source is a key step in the relevant investigation. In this paper, a step-by-step fingerprinting identification method was used in a spilled oil accident in the Bohai Sea in 2002. Advanced chemical fingerprinting and data interpretation techniques were used to characterize the chemical composition and determine the possible sources of two spilled oil samples. The original gas chromatography -flame ionization detection (GC-FID) chromatogram of saturated hydrocarbons was compared. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) chromatograms of aromatic hydrocarbons terpane and sterane, n-alkane and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. The correlation analysis on diagnostic ratios was performed with Student’s t-test. It is found that the oil fingerprinting of the spilled oil (designated as sz1) from the polluted sand beach was identical with the suspected oil (designated as ky1) from a nearby crude oil refinery factory. They both showed the fingerprinting character of mixed oil. The oil fingerprinting of the spilled oil (designated as ms1) collected from the port was significantly different from oil ky1 and oil sz1 and was with a lubricating oil fingerprint character. The identification result not only gave support for the spilled oil investigation, but also served as an example for studying spilled oil accidents.  相似文献   

Sexual fusion and life history of Scytosiphon lomentaria (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) in Dalian, china     

Xiaoli Li  Zeyu Zhang  Shuanglin Dong  Shuqing Cao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(2):170-176

Morphology and life history of a brown alga Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) were investigated from 2005 to 2009 in the coastal waters of Dalian, China. The erect thalli collected in the field were tubular, hollow, and commonly constricted at intervals. Ascocysts were presented. Plurilocular gametangia, which were positioned in continuous sori on the erect thallus surface, produced biflagellar gametes. Gametophytes were dioecious and gametes were nearly isogamous. Gametes fusion occurred in three types. Type one, female and male gametes fused directly while swimming; type two, female gamete settled first, with which a male one contacted and fused rapidly; type three, while settling adjacently, a male gamete’s entire protoplast moved slowly into the previously settled female one, with only an empty cell membrane left. In culture zygotes developed into crustose sporophytes that formed unilocular sporangia. Biflagellar zoospores developed into erect thalli that formed plurilocular gametangia. The results indicated that a periodical heteromorphic alternation history with haploid gametophyte generation and diploid sporophyte generation exists in S. lomentaria of the Dalian populations.  相似文献   

Data preprocessing and preliminary results of the Moon-based Ultraviolet Telescope on the CE-3 lander     

Wei-Bin Wen  Fang Wang  Chun-Lai Li  Jing Wang  Li Cao  Jian-Jun Liu  Xu Tan  Yuan Xiao  Qiang Fu  Yan Su  Wei Zuo 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(12)

The Moon-based Ultraviolet Telescope(MUVT) is one of the payloads on the Chang'e-3(CE-3) lunar lander. Because of the advantages of having no atmospheric disturbances and the slow rotation of the Moon, we can make long-term continuous observations of a series of important celestial objects in the near ultraviolet band(245～340 nm), and perform a sky survey of selected areas, which cannot be completed on Earth. We can find characteristic changes in celestial brightness with time by analyzing image data from the MUVT, and deduce the radiation mechanism and physical properties of these celestial objects after comparing with a physical model. In order to explain the scientific purposes of MUVT, this article analyzes the preprocessing of MUVT image data and makes a preliminary evaluation of data quality. The results demonstrate that the methods used for data collection and preprocessing are effective, and the Level 2A and 2B image data satisfy the requirements of follow-up scientific researches.  相似文献   

江西省避暑资源评估分析          下载免费PDF全文

龙余良  章开美  詹华斌  曹瑜  陶新宇 《气象与减灾研究》2021,44(3):195-200

利用1989—2018年江西省气象观测资料,分析了江西盛夏高温气候时空变化特征,绘制了避暑区划图,对避暑资源进行了研究评价.结果表明:2003年江西省高温天气出现了一个跳跃性的增长,1989—2002年高温日数平均为9.7 d,2013—2018年高温日数平均为22.1 d,增长了12.4 d.抚州市和上饶市分别有一个高温天气易发中心,鄱阳湖区和赣南南部山区则是高温天气的低发区;周边环山地区盛夏平均气温均在28℃以下,其覆盖面积约占江西省总面积的28.1％;盛夏平均最高气温在31℃以下的地区占全省面积的7.8％.高温日平均气温29℃以下的占全省面积的23.1％,高温日平均最高气温33℃以下的占全省面积的4.3％;江西省适宜避暑的地区占全省面积的15.2％,其中非常适宜避暑的地区占3.7％.赣州是江西省避暑资源最丰富的设区市,其次是靠近罗霄山脉的吉安和萍乡,以及靠近武夷山脉的上饶和抚州,九江庐山、南昌梅岭、宜春九岭山脉等处也是避暑资源丰富区.  相似文献   

海尔—波普彗星1996年春观测     

吴光节  季凯帆  陈培生  宋谦  曹文达 《天文学报》1997,38(2):183-190,T001

1996年2月底至3月初，海尔-波普彗星在清晨前重新出现，地平高度较低．本文使用云南天文台1米望远镜加新研制的1024×1024CCD照像机，对该彗星进行了照像观测，精密测定了其位置及光度．结果表明，即使与最新的预报比较起来，仍旧存在着明显的系统偏差．因此，海尔一波普彗星的轨道根数仍需修正．其亮度也比最新的预报稍亮．  相似文献   

DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAIN CROP GERMPLASM RESOURCES IN CHINA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹永生  张贤珍  白建军  龚高法 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,7(4):310-316

Cropgermplasmresourcesaretheindispensablematerialbaseforcropbreedingandagriculturalproduction.Theresearchondistributionofcropgermplasmr~urcesisofgreatimportanceinstudyingonorigin,evolutionandclassificationofcrops,expeditingandcollectinggermplasm,ascertainingofcentersofdiversity,protectinggermplasmr~urcesandmakingagriculturalproductiondivision.Since1949,researchesofexploration,collection,preservation,cha-racterizationandevaluationofcropgermplasmresourceshavebeendoneinChina.Atpresent,thenational…  相似文献   

Coronal oscillations as revealed by solar hard X-ray bursts     

Yong-xuan Xu  Yun-geng Cao 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1986,10(4):306-312

During the 21st solar activity cycle the HXRBS aboard SMM satellite and the HXM on HINOTORI spacecraft detected several thousand hard X-ray solar flares. Studies of the temporal properties of these events had revealed hundreds of examples of fast spikes with durations of less than 1 sec. We analysed part of these observations and found that they have four common characteristics. Among these characteristics, quasi-periodic oscillations led us to believe the possibility of oscillations existing in the corona. We have studied the characteristics of the oscillations and derived their periods. The conditions of trapping the oscillations are also discussed.  相似文献   

日冕物质抛射和太阳表面磁活动的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周桂萍  曹卓良  汪景琇 《天文学进展》2003,21(1):41-54

综述了近年来日冕物质抛射与耀斑、日珥、冕流和日冕暗化相关关系的研究进展，指出了这些相关关系上的一些不确定因素。同时，介绍了我们所做的部分工作，探讨了不同尺度磁活动之间的物理联系，并提出今后需要进一步解决的问题。  相似文献   

SOME PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM STUDY OF CRUSTAL DEFORMATION IN VIETNAM     

Cao Dinh Trieu  Le Van Dung  Nguyen Huu Tuyen  Pham Nam Hung 《大地测量与地球动力学》2003,23(Z1)

1　IntroductionOneofthemaintasksinstudyinggeodynamicprocessisevaluatingtherateofearthcrustmove ments.Normally ,themethodsforstudyingearthcrustmovementareestablishedonthebasisoftheobjectofstudyandtherequirementsfortheresultstobeobtainedasfollows.1 )Tostudythemovingprocessofcrustplatesinalargeareaandwithinacertaintectonicperiod ,geologicmethodsareusuallyused .2 )Geodeticmeasurementsarecarriedoutinanareacoveringfromsomekm2 totensofkm2 andal lowtodeterminethedisplacementoftheearthcrustwithinaperio…  相似文献